Testosterone

Hypothalamic peptide that triggers natural LH surge, a clean alternative to hCG/clomid stim.

Synthetic decapeptide identical to endogenous GnRH that stimulates the pituitary to release LH and FSH; used diagnostically and, off-label, to support the gonadal axis during testosterone therapy.

Glycoprotein hormone with LH-mimetic activity that stimulates gonadal steroidogenesis; FDA-approved for cryptorchidism, select male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and ovulation induction.

Testosterone cypionate is a long-acting oil-soluble ester of the endogenous androgen testosterone, administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. It is FDA-approved for testosterone replacement therapy in adult males diagnosed with primary or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Testosterone enanthate is a long-acting ester of testosterone administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. It is FDA-approved for testosterone replacement therapy in adult males with primary or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Testosterone propionate is a short-acting ester of testosterone administered by intramuscular injection. It is an approved androgen ester used for testosterone replacement; its short half-life requires more frequent administration compared to longer esters.

Testosterone undecanoate (Aveed) is a very long-acting ester of testosterone administered by deep intramuscular injection. FDA-approved for replacement therapy in adult males with primary or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; the injectable formulation carries a boxed warning for pulmonary oil microembolism (POME) and anaphylaxis.

Enclomiphene is the trans-isomer of clomiphene and a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It has been investigated for secondary hypogonadism but has not received FDA approval; it may be available through compounding pharmacies in some jurisdictions.

Clomiphene citrate is a nonsteroidal SERM consisting of a mixture of enclomiphene (trans) and zuclomiphene (cis) isomers. It is FDA-approved for ovulation induction in women; its use in males to raise endogenous testosterone is off-label.

Anastrozole (Arimidex) is a potent, selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor. It is FDA-approved for breast cancer in postmenopausal women; its use in males to manage estradiol levels during testosterone therapy is off-label.

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is a nonsteroidal SERM and the primary approved endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Its use in males during or after testosterone therapy to manage gynecomastia or restore the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is off-label.